2024 SSMO Team Round Problems/Problem 1

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Problem

How many ordered triples of positive integers $(a, b, c)$ satisfy the equation $2(a^b)^c+1=513$?

Solution

We have \begin{align*} 2(a^b)^c+1 &= 513\\\implies a^{bc}&=256\implies a = 2^{a_1} \mid a_1 \in \mathbb{Z}_{\ge 0}\\\implies 2^{a_1bc} &= 2^{8}\\\implies a_1bc &= 2^3\implies a_1 = 2^{a_2},b=2^{b_1}, c = 2^{c_1} \mid a_2,b_1,c_1 \in \mathbb{Z}_{\ge 0}\\\implies 2^{a_2+b_1+c_1} &=2^3\\\implies a_2+b_1+c_1&=3. \end{align*} From the Hockey Stick Identity, it follows that this equation has $\binom{5}{2} = \boxed{10}$ solutions.

~SMO_Team