2022 CEMC Cayley Problems/Problem 2

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Problem

The integer $119$ is a multiple of

$\text{ (A) }\ 2 \qquad\text{ (B) }\ 3 \qquad\text{ (C) }\ 5 \qquad\text{ (D) }\ 7 \qquad\text{ (E) }\ 11$

Solution 1

First, we can see that the number is not divisible by $2$ nor $5$ because the last digit is not divisible by either, according to the division rule for $2$ and $5$. This eliminates answer choices A and C.

For the number to be divisible by $3$, the sum of the digits must be a multiple of $3$. $1 + 1 + 9 = 2 + 9 = 11$, which is not divisible by $3$. This eliminates answer choice B.

A number is also divisible by $11$ if and only if the result of subtracting the odd numbered digits from the even digits is divisible by $11$. We have $1 - (1 + 9) = 1 - 10 = -9$.

This is not divisible by $11$, so answer choice E is eliminated.

A, B, C, and E are eliminated. Thus, the only answer choice remaining is $\boxed {\textbf {(D) } 7}$.

~anabel.disher

Solution 2

We can remember that the prime factorization of $119$ is $7 \times 17$. Thus, the factors of $119$ are $1$, $7$, $17$, and $119$.

Of these factors, the only one that is an answer choice is $\boxed {\textbf {(D) } 7}$.

~anabel.disher